# Is protractor ESM-only? Can you require() it?

> protractor@7.0.0 is a CommonJS package. CommonJS — require() works on every Node.js version we test.

Webdriver E2E test wrapper for Angular.

Last verified Sep 9, 2026 against protractor@7.0.0.

protractor ships CommonJS only. require("protractor") works on every Node.js version we test (18, 20, 22, 24 and 26) and in Bun. The package declares Node.js >=10.13.x. import "protractor" also works because Node.js and Bun can import CommonJS from ES modules, but only the default export is guaranteed; named imports depend on Node's static analysis of the module.

**Deprecated:** We have news to share - Protractor is deprecated and will reach end-of-life by Summer 2023. To learn more and find out about other options please refer to this post on the Angular blog. Thank you for using and contributing to Protractor. https://goo.gle/state-of-e2e-in-angular

## What to do

1. require("protractor") works on every Node.js version we test (18, 20, 22, 24 and 26) and in Bun. The package declares Node.js >=10.13.x.
2. From ES modules use the default import: import protractor from "protractor"; then destructure. Named imports only work when Node.js can statically detect the exports.
3. TypeScript: types are bundled; install nothing extra.
4. This package is deprecated: We have news to share - Protractor is deprecated and will reach end-of-life by Summer 2023. To learn more and find out about other options please refer to this post on the Angular blog. Thank you for using and contributing to Protractor. https://goo.gle/state-of-e2e-in-angular

## Facts

- Latest: 7.0.0 (May 13, 2020)
- Module format: CommonJS
- Last CommonJS version: 7.0.0
- TypeScript types: bundled
- Node engines: >=10.13.x
- Weekly downloads: 493K
- License: MIT

## Runtime test results for protractor@7.0.0

Installed and executed on Sep 9, 2026 with require("protractor") from a CommonJS file and import "protractor" from an ES module.

| Runtime | require("protractor") | import "protractor" |
|---|---|---|
| Node.js 18 | works | works |
| Node.js 20 | works | works |
| Node.js 22 | works | works |
| Node.js 24 | works | works |
| Node.js 26 | works | works |
| Bun 1.4.0 | works | works |

## How to import protractor

ES modules:

```js
import protractor from "protractor";
```

CommonJS:

```js
const protractor = require("protractor");
```

## Module format by version

Derived from the type, main and exports fields of every stable release on npm (95 versions; the newest 60 shown).

| Versions | Format | First published |
|---|---|---|
| 0.24.1 – 7.0.0 | CommonJS | Jun 9, 2014 |

## Frequently asked

**Is protractor ESM-only?**

protractor@7.0.0 is a CommonJS package. protractor ships CommonJS only. require("protractor") works on every Node.js version we test (18, 20, 22, 24 and 26) and in Bun. The package declares Node.js >=10.13.x. import "protractor" also works because Node.js and Bun can import CommonJS from ES modules, but only the default export is guaranteed; named imports depend on Node's static analysis of the module.

**Can I import protractor with ES module syntax?**

Yes. import protractor from "protractor" works in Node.js and Bun because they support importing CommonJS modules. Named imports work only when Node.js can statically detect the exports.

**Does protractor work in Bun?**

Yes. import "protractor" loaded successfully in Bun 1.4.0 on Sep 9, 2026.

**Does protractor ship TypeScript types?**

Yes. protractor bundles its own type declarations; no @types package is needed.

## Links

- [protractor on npm](https://www.npmjs.com/package/protractor)
- [Source repository](https://github.com/angular/protractor)
- [HTML version](https://canirequire.com/package/protractor/)
- [JSON version](https://canirequire.com/package/protractor.json)

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