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Is d3 ESM-only? Can you require() it?

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Last verified Sep 9, 2026 against d3@7.9.0. Markdown · JSON

ESM-only ESM-only since 7.0.0 — last CommonJS version is 6.7.0

d3 dropped its CommonJS build in 7.0.0 (June 2021). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 6.7.0, published Apr 16, 2021.

On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26. On Node.js 18, which has no require(esm), require("d3") fails with ERR_REQUIRE_ESM.

What to do

  1. On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26.
  2. From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const d3 = await import("d3"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (>=12).
  3. If you need a synchronous require() or run Node.js 18: npm install d3@6.7.0, the last CommonJS release (published Apr 16, 2021).
  4. TypeScript: npm install -D @types/d3
Latest
7.9.0 (Mar 12, 2024)
Module format
ESM-only
Last CommonJS version
6.7.0
ESM-only since
7.0.0 (Jun 11, 2021)
TypeScript types
@types/d3
Node engines
>=12
Weekly downloads
18.6M
License
ISC

Does d3@7.9.0 actually load? Runtime test results

Installed and executed on Sep 9, 2026 with require("d3") from a CommonJS file and import "d3" from an ES module.

Runtimerequire("d3")import "d3"
Node.js 18✗ failsERR_REQUIRE_ESM✓ works
Node.js 20✓ works✓ works
Node.js 22✓ works✓ works
Node.js 24✓ works✓ works
Node.js 26✓ works✓ works
Bun 1.4.0✓ works✓ works

How to import d3

ES modules (import)

import * as d3 from "d3";

Namespace import shown because the ESM entry may have no default export; use named imports for what it exports.

CommonJS (require)

// Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer (verified):
const d3 = require("d3");

// Any Node.js version the package supports (>=12), from an async function:
async function main() {
  const d3 = await import("d3");
}

// Or pin the last CommonJS release:
// npm install d3@6.7.0

Module format by version

Derived from the type, main and exports fields of every stable release on npm, corrected where a runtime test of that version contradicted them (214 versions; the newest 60 shown).

VersionsFormatFirst published
7.0.0 – 7.9.0ESM-onlyJun 11, 2021
5.8.2 – 6.7.0CommonJSFeb 5, 2019

Frequently asked

Is d3 ESM-only?

d3@7.9.0 is ESM-only. d3 dropped its CommonJS build in 7.0.0 (June 2021). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 6.7.0, published Apr 16, 2021.

Which version of d3 still supports CommonJS / require()?

6.7.0 is the last version of d3 with a CommonJS build. Install it with "npm install d3@6.7.0". Every version from 7.0.0 on is ESM-only.

How do I use d3 from a CommonJS file?

From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const d3 = await import("d3"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (>=12). On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26. Alternatively pin d3@6.7.0.

Does d3 work in Bun?

Yes. import "d3" loaded successfully in Bun 1.4.0 on Sep 9, 2026.

Does d3 ship TypeScript types?

Not bundled. Install the community types with "npm install -D @types/d3".

Links

Other esm-only packages

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