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Is d3-scale ESM-only? Can you require() it?

Encodings that map abstract data to visual representation.

Last verified Sep 9, 2026 against d3-scale@4.0.2. JSON

ESM-only ESM-only since 4.0.0 — last CommonJS version is 3.3.0

d3-scale dropped its CommonJS build in 4.0.0 (June 2021). The last version you can require() on every Node.js version, including 18 and older, is 3.3.0, published Apr 16, 2021.

On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and every newer release, require("d3-scale") works anyway: Node can load synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node 20, 22, 24, 26. Node.js 18 and older still fail with ERR_REQUIRE_ESM.

Latest
4.0.2 (Sep 24, 2021)
Module format
ESM-only
Last CommonJS version
3.3.0
ESM-only since
4.0.0 (Jun 5, 2021)
TypeScript types
@types/d3-scale
Node engines
>=12
Weekly downloads
64.5M
License
ISC

Does d3-scale@4.0.2 actually load? Runtime test results

Installed and executed on Sep 9, 2026 with require("d3-scale") from a CommonJS file and import "d3-scale" from an ES module.

Runtimerequire("d3-scale")import "d3-scale"
Node.js 18✗ failsERR_REQUIRE_ESM✓ works
Node.js 20✓ works✓ works
Node.js 22✓ works✓ works
Node.js 24✓ works✓ works
Node.js 26✓ works✓ works
Bun 1.4✓ works✓ works

How to import d3-scale

ES modules (import)

import d3Scale from "d3-scale";

CommonJS (require)

// Node.js 20.19+ / 22.12+ / newer (package has no top-level await):
const d3Scale = require("d3-scale");

// Any Node.js version:
const d3Scale = await import("d3-scale");

// Or pin the last CommonJS release:
// npm install d3-scale@3.3.0

Module format by version

Derived from the type, main and exports fields of every stable release on npm (57 versions; the newest 57 shown).

VersionsFormatFirst published
4.0.0 – 4.0.2ESM-onlyJun 5, 2021
0.0.0 – 3.3.0CommonJSMar 29, 2014

Frequently asked

Is d3-scale ESM-only?

d3-scale@4.0.2 is ESM-only. d3-scale dropped its CommonJS build in 4.0.0 (June 2021). The last version you can require() on every Node.js version, including 18 and older, is 3.3.0, published Apr 16, 2021.

Which version of d3-scale still supports CommonJS / require()?

3.3.0 is the last version of d3-scale with a CommonJS build. Install it with "npm install d3-scale@3.3.0". Every version from 4.0.0 on is ESM-only.

How do I use d3-scale from a CommonJS file?

Use a dynamic import: const mod = await import("d3-scale"). On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, a plain require("d3-scale") also works for ESM packages that do not use top-level await. Alternatively pin d3-scale@3.3.0.

Does d3-scale work in Bun?

Yes. import "d3-scale" loaded successfully in Bun 1.4 on Sep 9, 2026.

Does d3-scale ship TypeScript types?

Not bundled. Install the community types with "npm install -D @types/d3-scale".

Links

Other esm-only packages

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