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Is d3-interpolate ESM-only? Can you require() it?

Interpolate numbers, colors, strings, arrays, objects, whatever!

Last verified Sep 9, 2026 against d3-interpolate@3.0.1. Markdown · JSON

ESM-only ESM-only since 3.0.0 — last CommonJS version is 2.0.1

d3-interpolate dropped its CommonJS build in 3.0.0 (June 2021). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 2.0.1, published Aug 23, 2020.

On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3-interpolate") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26. On Node.js 18, which has no require(esm), require("d3-interpolate") fails with ERR_REQUIRE_ESM.

What to do

  1. On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3-interpolate") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26.
  2. From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const d3Interpolate = await import("d3-interpolate"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (>=12).
  3. If you need a synchronous require() or run Node.js 18: npm install d3-interpolate@2.0.1, the last CommonJS release (published Aug 23, 2020).
  4. TypeScript: npm install -D @types/d3-interpolate
Latest
3.0.1 (Jun 5, 2021)
Module format
ESM-only
Last CommonJS version
2.0.1
ESM-only since
3.0.0 (Jun 4, 2021)
TypeScript types
@types/d3-interpolate
Node engines
>=12
Weekly downloads
69.5M
License
ISC

Does d3-interpolate@3.0.1 actually load? Runtime test results

Installed and executed on Sep 9, 2026 with require("d3-interpolate") from a CommonJS file and import "d3-interpolate" from an ES module.

Runtimerequire("d3-interpolate")import "d3-interpolate"
Node.js 18✗ failsERR_REQUIRE_ESM✓ works
Node.js 20✓ works✓ works
Node.js 22✓ works✓ works
Node.js 24✓ works✓ works
Node.js 26✓ works✓ works
Bun 1.4.0✓ works✓ works

How to import d3-interpolate

ES modules (import)

import * as d3Interpolate from "d3-interpolate";

Namespace import shown because the ESM entry may have no default export; use named imports for what it exports.

CommonJS (require)

// Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer (verified):
const d3Interpolate = require("d3-interpolate");

// Any Node.js version the package supports (>=12), from an async function:
async function main() {
  const d3Interpolate = await import("d3-interpolate");
}

// Or pin the last CommonJS release:
// npm install d3-interpolate@2.0.1

Module format by version

Derived from the type, main and exports fields of every stable release on npm, corrected where a runtime test of that version contradicted them (38 versions; the newest 38 shown).

VersionsFormatFirst published
3.0.0 – 3.0.1ESM-onlyJun 4, 2021
0.1.1 – 2.0.1CommonJSJun 16, 2015

Frequently asked

Is d3-interpolate ESM-only?

d3-interpolate@3.0.1 is ESM-only. d3-interpolate dropped its CommonJS build in 3.0.0 (June 2021). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 2.0.1, published Aug 23, 2020.

Which version of d3-interpolate still supports CommonJS / require()?

2.0.1 is the last version of d3-interpolate with a CommonJS build. Install it with "npm install d3-interpolate@2.0.1". Every version from 3.0.0 on is ESM-only.

How do I use d3-interpolate from a CommonJS file?

From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const d3Interpolate = await import("d3-interpolate"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (>=12). On Node.js 20.19+, 22.12+ and newer, require("d3-interpolate") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 26. Alternatively pin d3-interpolate@2.0.1.

Does d3-interpolate work in Bun?

Yes. import "d3-interpolate" loaded successfully in Bun 1.4.0 on Sep 9, 2026.

Does d3-interpolate ship TypeScript types?

Not bundled. Install the community types with "npm install -D @types/d3-interpolate".

Links

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