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Is @babel/traverse ESM-only? Can you require() it?

The Babel Traverse module maintains the overall tree state, and is responsible for replacing, removing, and adding nodes

Last verified Sep 9, 2026 against @babel/traverse@8.0.4. Markdown · JSON

ESM-only ESM-only since 8.0.0 — last CommonJS version is 7.29.8

@babel/traverse dropped its CommonJS build in 8.0.0 (June 2026). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 7.29.8, published Jul 31, 2026; it declares support for Node.js >=6.9.0.

On Node.js 22.12+ and newer (@babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares Node.js ^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0), require("@babel/traverse") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 22, 24 and 26. Node.js 18 has no require(esm), and @babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares Node.js ^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0, so 18 is outside its supported range anyway.

@babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares engines "^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0", so Node.js 18, 20 are outside its supported range regardless of module format.

What to do

  1. On Node.js 22.12+ and newer (@babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares Node.js ^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0), require("@babel/traverse") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 22, 24 and 26.
  2. From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const traverse = await import("@babel/traverse"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0).
  3. If you need a synchronous require() or run Node.js 18: npm install @babel/traverse@7.29.8, the last CommonJS release (published Jul 31, 2026); it declares Node.js >=6.9.0.
  4. @babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares engines "^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0", so Node.js 18, 20 are unsupported regardless: upgrade Node.js or pin an older release.
  5. TypeScript: types are bundled; install nothing extra.
Latest
8.0.4 (Jul 9, 2026)
Module format
ESM-only
Last CommonJS version
7.29.8
ESM-only since
8.0.0 (Jun 16, 2026)
TypeScript types
Bundled
Node engines
^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0
Weekly downloads
140.0M
License
MIT

Does @babel/traverse@8.0.4 actually load? Runtime test results

Installed and executed on Sep 9, 2026 with require("@babel/traverse") from a CommonJS file and import "@babel/traverse" from an ES module.

Runtimerequire("@babel/traverse")import "@babel/traverse"
Node.js 18✗ failsERR_REQUIRE_ESM✗ failsSyntaxError
Node.js 20✓ works✓ works
Node.js 22✓ works✓ works
Node.js 24✓ works✓ works
Node.js 26✓ works✓ works
Bun 1.4.0✓ works✓ works

How to import @babel/traverse

ES modules (import)

import * as traverse from "@babel/traverse";

Namespace import shown because the ESM entry may have no default export; use named imports for what it exports.

CommonJS (require)

// Node.js 22.12+ and newer (verified):
const traverse = require("@babel/traverse");

// Any Node.js version the package supports (^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0), from an async function:
async function main() {
  const traverse = await import("@babel/traverse");
}

// Or pin the last CommonJS release (declares Node.js >=6.9.0):
// npm install @babel/traverse@7.29.8

Module format by version

Derived from the type, main and exports fields of every stable release on npm, corrected where a runtime test of that version contradicted them (153 versions; the newest 60 shown).

VersionsFormatFirst published
8.0.0 – 8.0.4ESM-onlyJun 16, 2026
7.21.4 – 7.29.8CommonJSMar 31, 2023

Frequently asked

Is @babel/traverse ESM-only?

@babel/traverse@8.0.4 is ESM-only. @babel/traverse dropped its CommonJS build in 8.0.0 (June 2026). The last version with a plain require()-able CommonJS entry is 7.29.8, published Jul 31, 2026; it declares support for Node.js >=6.9.0.

Which version of @babel/traverse still supports CommonJS / require()?

7.29.8 is the last version of @babel/traverse with a CommonJS build; it declares Node.js >=6.9.0. Install it with "npm install @babel/traverse@7.29.8". Every version from 8.0.0 on is ESM-only.

How do I use @babel/traverse from a CommonJS file?

From a CommonJS file, use a dynamic import inside an async function: const traverse = await import("@babel/traverse"). That works on every Node.js version the package supports (^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0). On Node.js 22.12+ and newer (@babel/traverse@8.0.4 declares Node.js ^22.18.0 || >=24.11.0), require("@babel/traverse") works with the latest version: Node.js loads synchronous ES modules through require(). Verified on Node.js 22, 24 and 26. Alternatively pin @babel/traverse@7.29.8 (declares Node.js >=6.9.0).

Does @babel/traverse work in Bun?

Yes. import "@babel/traverse" loaded successfully in Bun 1.4.0 on Sep 9, 2026.

Does @babel/traverse ship TypeScript types?

Yes. @babel/traverse bundles its own type declarations; no @types package is needed.

Links

Other esm-only packages

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